suma:
Mundima yesayenzi yezvinhu,titanium dioxide(TiO2) yakabuda sechinhu chinonakidza chine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.Iyi koniyuta ine yakanakisa makemikari uye emuviri zvimiro, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha mumaindasitiri akati wandei.Kuti tinzwisise zvizere hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana, chimiro chinonakidza chetitanium dioxide chinofanira kudzidzwa zvakadzama.Mune ino blog positi, isu tichaongorora chimiro chetitanium dioxide uye kujekesa zvikonzero zvakakosha kumashure kwayo kwakakosha.
1. Chimiro cheCrystal:
Titanium dioxide ine chimiro chekristaro, chinotemerwa zvakanyanya nekurongeka kwayo kwakasiyana kwemaatomu.NyangweTiO2ine zvikamu zvitatu zvekristalline (anatase, rutile, uye brookite), tichatarisa pamhando mbiri dzakajairika: rutile uye anatase.
A. Rutile Structure:
Chikamu cherutile chinozivikanwa nekuumbwa kwayo kwe tetragonal crystal, umo atomu imwe neimwe yetitanium yakakomberedzwa nemaatomu matanhatu eokisijeni, ichigadzira octahedron yakamonyoroka.Urongwa uhwu hunoumba denderedzwa reatomu rine gadziriro yeokisijeni yakavharika.Ichi chimiro chinopa rutile kugadzikana kwakasarudzika uye kusimba, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana maapplication, kusanganisira pendi, ceramics, uye kunyange sunscreen.
B. Anatase chimiro:
Panyaya yeanatase, maatomu etitanium anosungirirwa kumaatomu mashanu eokisijeni, achigadzira octahedron anogovera micheto.Naizvozvo, kurongeka uku kunoguma nechimiro chakavhurika zvakanyanya chine maatomu mashoma pavhoriyamu yeyuniti zvichienzaniswa nerutile.Pasinei nekuderera kwayo, anatase inoratidzira yakanakisa photocatalytic zvivakwa, zvichiita kuti ive chinhu chakakosha mumasero ezuva, masisitimu ekuchenesa mhepo uye yekuzvichenesa-yekupfeka.
2. Energy band gap:
Iyo simba bhendi gap ndeimwe yakakosha hunhu hweTiO2 uye inobatsira kune yayo yakasarudzika zvivakwa.Iyi gap inotarisisa mabatirwo emagetsi echinyorwa uye kunzwisiswa kwayo pakutorwa kwechiedza.
A. Rutile bhendi chimiro:
Rutile TiO2ine gap rakatetepa rebhendi ringangoita 3.0 eV, zvichiita kuti ive shoma yemagetsi conductor.Nekudaro, bhendi rayo dhizaini rinogona kutora ultraviolet (UV) mwenje, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mune zvinodzivirira UV senge sunscreen.
B. Anatase bhendi chimiro:
Anatase, kune rumwe rutivi, anoratidza rakakura bhendi gap rinosvika 3.2 eV.Ichi chimiro chinopa anatase TiO2 yakanakisa photocatalytic chiitiko.Kana akaiswa kuchiedza, maerekitironi ari mubhendi revalence anofara uye anosvetukira mubhendi rekufambisa, zvichiita kuti oxidation yakasiyana-siyana uye kuderedza maitiro aitike.Izvi zvivakwa zvinovhura musuwo kune zvikumbiro zvakaita sekuchenesa mvura uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo.
3. Kukanganisa uye Kugadziriswa:
Thechimiro cheTio2haina zvikanganiso.Izvi zvinokanganisa uye zvigadziriso zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya zvemuviri wavo nemakemikari zvimiro.
A. Oxygen vacancies:
Kukanganisika kwenzvimbo dzeokisijeni mukati meTiO2 lattice zvinounza huwandu hwemaerekitironi asina kupetwa, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwekuita kwekuita uye kuumbwa kwenzvimbo dzemavara.
B. Kugadziriswa kwepasi:
Inodzorwa pamusoro pekugadzirisa, senge doping nedzimwe shanduko yesimbi ions kana kushanda ne organic komisheni, inogona kuwedzera mamwe maitiro eTiO2.Semuyenzaniso, doping nesimbi dzakadai seplatinum inogona kuvandudza mashandiro ayo, nepo organic inoshanda mapoka anogona kuwedzera kugadzikana kwechinhu uye kuita mafoto.
Mukupedzisa:
Kunzwisisa chimiro chinoshamisa cheTio2 kwakakosha kuti unzwisise zvimiro zvayo zvinoshamisa uye kuwanda kwekushandisa.Imwe neimwe crystalline fomu yeTiO2 ine yakasarudzika zvivakwa, kubva kune tetragonal rutile chimiro kusvika kune yakavhurika, photocatalytically inoshanda anatase chikamu.Nekuongorora mabhendi emagetsi mabhendi uye kukanganisa mukati mezvishandiso, masayendisiti anogona kuwedzera zvivakwa zvawo zvekushandisa kubva pamaitiro ekuchenesa kusvika pakukohwa simba.Sezvo isu tichienderera mberi nekufumura zvakavanzika zvetitanium dioxide, kugona kwayo mushanduko yeindasitiri inoramba ichivimbisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-30-2023