Imiterere ikomeye ya Dioxyde ya Titanium (TiO2): Kugaragaza ibyiza byayo bishimishije

Intangiriro:

Mu rwego rwibikoresho siyanse,dioxyde de titanium(TiO2) yagaragaye nkurwego rushimishije hamwe nurwego runini rwa porogaramu.Uru ruganda rufite imiti myiza yumubiri nu mubiri, bituma ruba ingirakamaro mubice byinshi byinganda.Kugirango dusobanukirwe neza imiterere yihariye, imiterere ishimishije ya titanium dioxyde igomba kwigwa byimbitse.Muri iyi nyandiko ya blog, tuzasesengura imiterere ya dioxyde de titanium kandi tumenye impamvu zifatika zitera imiterere yihariye.

1. Imiterere ya Crystal:

Dioxyde ya Titanium ifite imiterere ya kristu, igenwa cyane cyane nuburyo bwihariye bwa atome.NubwoTiO2ifite ibyiciro bitatu bya kristalline (anatase, rutile, na brookite), tuzibanda kuburyo bubiri busanzwe: rutile na anatase.

A. Imiterere ya Rutile:

Icyiciro cya rutile kizwiho imiterere ya tetragonal kristal, aho buri atome ya titanium ikikijwe na atome esheshatu za ogisijeni, ikora octahedron igoramye.Iyi gahunda ikora atome yuzuye hamwe na ogisijeni yegeranye cyane.Iyi miterere itanga rutile idasanzwe kandi iramba, bigatuma ikwirakwira muburyo butandukanye, harimo amarangi, ububumbyi, ndetse nizuba.

B. Imiterere ya Anatase:

Kubijyanye na anatase, atome ya titanium ihujwe na atome ya ogisijeni eshanu, ikora octahedrons isangiye impande.Kubwibyo, iyi gahunda ituma habaho imiterere ifunguye hamwe na atome nkeya kubunini bwikigereranyo ugereranije na rutile.Nubwo ifite ubukana buke, anatase yerekana ibintu byiza bya fotokatalitike, bigatuma iba ikintu cyingenzi mumirasire y'izuba, sisitemu yo kweza ikirere hamwe no kwisukura.

2. Ikinyuranyo cyingufu zingufu:

Ikinyuranyo cyingufu zingufu nikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga TiO2 kandi kigira uruhare mumiterere yihariye.Iki cyuho kigena ibikoresho byumuriro wamashanyarazi hamwe nuburyo bwo kumva urumuri.

A. Imiterere ya bande ya Rutile:

Rutile TiO2ifite intera ntoya ya bande ya 3.0 eV, bigatuma ikora amashanyarazi make.Nyamara, imiterere yacyo irashobora gukurura urumuri ultraviolet (UV), bigatuma biba byiza gukoreshwa muburinda UV nkizuba.

B. Imiterere ya bande ya Anatase:

Ku rundi ruhande, Anatase, yerekana intera nini ya 3.2 eV.Ibiranga biha anatase TiO2 ibikorwa byiza byo gufotora.Iyo ihuye numucyo, electron muri bande ya valence irishima hanyuma igasimbukira mumurongo wa conduction, bigatuma okiside itandukanye no kugabanuka bibaho.Iyi mitungo ifungura umuryango wibisabwa nko kweza amazi no kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere.

3. Inenge no Guhindura:

Uwitekaimiterere ya Tio2ntabwo ifite inenge.Izi nenge no guhindura bigira ingaruka cyane kumiterere yumubiri na chimique.

A. Imyanya ya Oxygene:

Inenge muburyo bwa ogisijeni yabuze muri lati ya TiO2 itangiza kwibumbira hamwe kwa electron zidakorewe hamwe, bigatuma ibikorwa bya catalitiki byiyongera ndetse no gushinga ibigo byamabara.

B. Guhindura isura:

Guhindura isura igenzurwa, nka doping hamwe nibindi byuma byinzibacyuho cyangwa gukora hamwe nibintu kama, birashobora kurushaho kuzamura imiterere ya TiO2.Kurugero, doping hamwe nibyuma nka platine irashobora kunoza imikorere ya catalitiki, mugihe amatsinda yibikorwa ashobora kongera ibikoresho no gufotora.

Mu gusoza:

Gusobanukirwa imiterere idasanzwe ya Tio2 ningirakamaro kugirango dusobanukirwe nimiterere yayo idasanzwe hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa.Buri bwoko bwa kristaline ya TiO2 ifite imiterere yihariye, kuva tetragonal rutile imiterere kugeza ifunguye, fotokatike ikora anatase icyiciro.Mugushakisha icyuho cyingufu nudusembwa mubikoresho, abahanga barashobora kurushaho kunonosora imitungo yabo ikoreshwa kuva muburyo bwo kweza no gusarura ingufu.Mugihe dukomeje guhishura amayobera ya dioxyde ya titanium, ubushobozi bwayo muri revolution yinganda ikomeje gutanga icyizere.